R290 (propane), the refrigerant of the future

Discreet but promising, R290 — better known as propane — is gradually establishing itself as the reference refrigerant for the air conditioning and heat pumps of tomorrow. Why such enthusiasm? Let us explain.

A near-zero climate impact

R290's main strength comes down to one figure: its GWP is 3, compared with 675 for R32 and nearly 2088 for R410A. In other words, in the event of a leak, its impact on global warming is almost negligible. It complies with the requirements of the F-Gas regulation well beyond 2050.

Very good performance

Beyond its environmental profile, propane boasts excellent thermodynamic properties, slightly superior to those of R32. As a result, at equal performance, R290 equipment can be highly efficient, with good yields in both heating and cooling.

One point of caution: flammability

Propane is a flammable refrigerant (classified A3). This does not make it dangerous in use, but it does impose specific rules for design, installation and maintenance: limited refrigerant charge, units that are often monobloc, and above all work reserved for trained professionals.

Should you wait before investing?

Not necessarily. In 2026, R32 remains perfectly relevant for the majority of installations and benefits from a wide range of equipment. R290 is gaining momentum, particularly for heat pumps, and will become essential as the regulatory deadlines approach.

The right reflex: choose equipment suited to your actual needs, without oversizing, and rely on an installer who anticipates these changes. Read our advice on how to choose the right air conditioner.

Our position at Proclimo

We closely follow the evolution of refrigerants in order to steer you towards durable, high-performance and compliant equipment. Whether you are considering conventional air conditioning or a reversible heat pump, let's talk about your project.